Fundamentals of Human Biology, Anatomy and Physiology for Physicists 1

Garant předmětu:

Alena Doubková, Šimon Vaculín

Lecturer:

Alena Doubková, Zdeňka Polívková, Šimon Vaculín

Tutor:

Alena Doubková, Zdeňka Polívková, Šimon Vaculín

Supervisor:

Department of Dosimetry and Application of Ionizing Radiation

Synopsis:

Organisatin of living systems, non-cell and cell organisms, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Molecular and cell biology. Biopolymers (nucleic acids and proteins). Molecular genetics (genetic information, DNA replication, transcription, translation, mutations). Genetic engineering. Cytology (cell organization, biological membranes and membrane function, membrane organelles, cytoskeleton). Cell cycle, mitosis, cell-division control system. Cell differentiation and aging. Cell factors and environment factors. Basics of virology. Virus - structure, life cycle, reproduction. Viral genome. VIROGEN?. Genetics of multicellular organisms. Reproduction, meiosis, gametes. Fertilization. Phenotype and genotype, hybridization, Mendel's laws. Autosomal and gonosomal inheritance. Basics of cytogenetics. Basics of human genetics. Human karyotype, chromosomal aberrations. Monogenic characters - normal and pathological. Gene binding and gene mapping. Modern methods for human genome research. Polygenic characters. Gene control of metabolism, Pharmacogenetics. Basics of immunogenetics. Genes in carcinogenesis. Genetics and clinical medicine. Genetic consultancy.

Requirements:

Syllabus of lectures:

1. Organisatin of living systems, non-cell and cell organisms, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Molecular and cell biology. Cytology (cell organization, biological membranes and membrane function, membrane organelles, cytoskeleton). Cell cycle, mitosis, cell-division control system. Cell differentiation and aging. Cell factors and environment factors.

2. Basics of human genetics. Human karyotype, chromosomal aberrations. Monogenic characters - normal and pathological. Gene binding and gene mapping.

3. Relatioship of organisms and environment. Introduction to human ecology and infuence of external environmental factors.

4. General human anatomy. Bones: upper extremity (UE), lower extremity (LE)

5. General physiology. Knucklebones UE + LE

6. Backbone, pelvis. Skull.

7. Skull + backbone connections. Physicology of muscular action.

8. Muscles of thorax. Muscles UE + LE. GIT I. Physiology of GIT.

9. Emryology. Physiology of movement.

10. GIT II. Physiology of GIT. Respiration system. Respiration physiology.

11. Uropoetic system. Spirometry. Heart and its physiology.

12. General anatomy of blood vessels. Main arteries and veins. Physiology of blood, blood coagulation. Nerves CNS.

13. Eeyes and physicology of sight.

14. Audition and vestibular system. Physiology of hearing and balance. Skin and glands.

Syllabus of tutorials:

1. Classification of organisms.

2. Human ecology and the influence of environmental factors.

3. General anatomy.

4. General physiology.

5. Physiology of muscular activity.

6. Demonstration of the locomotive apparatus.

7. Breathing.

8. Spirometry.

9. Physiology of cardiac activity.

10. Physiology of blood, blood clotting.

Study Objective:

Knowledge:

Knowledge abou organisatin of living systems, non-cell and cell organisms, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Abilities:

Orientation in the field of general genetics and human genetics, the ability of classification of organisms, the use of general anatomy and physiology for the purpose of radiological physics.

Study materials:

Key references:

[1] Linc R., Doubkova A., Anatomy of momentum, I. - III. part, Prague, Karolinum, 1998(in Czech)

[2] Stingl J., Anathomy - a textbook for bachelor studies. 3. MF UK, Prague 1994(in Czech)

Recommended references:

[3] Feneis H., Dauber W., Anatomy picture dictionary, 2nd edition., Grada, Prague, 1996(in Czech)

[4] Otova, Soukup, Kapras et al., Human Biology for bachelor studies on MF. Karolinum, Prague 1997(in Czech)

[5] Rokyta R. et al., Physiology, Prague, 2000(in Czech)

Note:

Time-table for winter semester 2023/2024:

Time-table is not available yet

Time-table for summer semester 2023/2024:

Time-table is not available yet

The course is a part of the following study plans: