Water quality

Garant předmětu:

Lecturer:

Tutor:

Supervisor:

Department of Urban Water Management

Synopsis:

Composition of natural waters. Types of water pollution, its effects and characteristics. Pollution sources. Running waters. Reservoirs. Water quality monitoring. Water quality classification in the Czech Republic. Water quality protection. Water quality modelling.

Requirements:

On-going solution of examples in exercises, submission of selected examples. Mandatory participation in invited lectures and the field trip. Successful completion of both parts of the exam (questions from lectures, computational examples).

Syllabus of lectures:

1. Use of water and requirements for its quality.

2. Natural composition of surface freshwaters - cycles of basic elements, processes and natural factors.

3. Water pollution I - types of pollution, their properties and effects (pollution causing oxygen depletion, nutrients, suspended solids, toxic substances, plastics)

4. Water pollution II - types of pollution, their properties and effects (water acidification, thermal pollution, pathogenic microorganisms, pollution affecting organoleptic properties)

5. Sources of pollution - point and non-point sources, sources related to surface runoff, accidents

6. Special lecture on micropollutants as a new type of pollution

7. Streams and rivers - ecosystem, self-purification, modelling of transport and transformation processes, protection measures

8. Lakes and reservoirs - ecosystem, stratification, eutrophication, modelling, protection measures

9. Special lecture on eutrophication and biomanipulation of reservoirs

10. Special lecture on humic substances in water supply reservoirs

11. Measurement and monitoring of water quality - temporal and spatial aspects, physical-chemical monitoring, biomonitoring, hydromorphological monitoring. Classification of surface water quality in the Czech Republic.

12. Legislative approaches to water protection – EU and Czech legislation

13. Field trip on biomonitoring

Syllabus of tutorials:

1. Characterization of the chemical composition of waters

2. Mass balances

3. Transport processes

4. Transformation processes

5. Ideal reactors - balances and different kinetics

6. Ideal reactors - cont.

7. Reservoirs.

8. Hydraulic behavior of systems - ideal reactors.

9. Rivers: Transport and mixing - evaluation of the tracer experiment, approximation by pulse in the AD equation.

10. Rivers: Transport and mixing - pulse in the AD equation - cloud passage length, vertical, transverse and longitudinal mixing.

11. Rivers: Self-purification- oxygen regime.

12. Rivers: Self-purification- oxygen regime. - cont.

13. Consultation

Study Objective:

The aim of the lectures is to understand natural processes and human influences on surface water quality and to introduce the principles of water protection. The goal of the exercises is to provide background of water quality modelling in both natural and technical systems.

Study materials:

! Pitter P. (2021). Hydrochemie. 5. vydání. ISBN: 978-80-7080-928-0

! Boyd Claude E. (2016). Water Quality. ISBN 13 (EAN) 9783319330624

? Gujer, Willi (2008). Systems Analysis for Water Technology. ISBN 978-3-540-77278-1

? Franzle Stefan (2012). Introduction to Environmental Engineering. ISBN13 (EAN): 9783527329816

Note:

Further information:

No time-table has been prepared for this course

The course is a part of the following study plans:

• obor Vodní hospodářství a vodní stavby (compulsory course)
• Stavební inženýrství - vodní hospodářství a vodní stavby (compulsory course)