Biology

Vztahy:

In order to register for the course 17ABBBCH, the student must have successfully completed the course 17ABBBLG.

Garant předmětu:

Lecturer:

Tutor:

Supervisor:

Department of Natural Sciences

Synopsis:

Basic information about the cellular level of organisms - from acelullar through prokaryotic to eukaryotic. The viruses. Prokaryotic cells. Bacteria. Bacterial diseases and their control. Eukaryotic cells. Plant and animal cell structure and function. Structure and conformation of biopolymers (nucleid acids and proteins). The nucleus, plastids, mitochondria. Cytoplasm. Endomembrane system: endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles. Semiautonomic organelles: mitochondria, sites of respiration and chloroplasts, sites of photosynthesis. The origin of eukaryotes: endosymbiotic hypothesis. Ribosomes. The cytoskeleton: microtubules, microfilaments. The cell cycle: mitotic (M) phase and interphase (G1, S and G2 phases). The division of cell nucleus - amitosis, mitosis, phases of mitosis, the mitotic spindle; meiosis. The cell division - cytokinesis. Cell differentiation. Cell death. Apoptosis and necrosis. Mendelian and modern genetics: structure, function and inheritance of genes. Includes the chemistry and structure of chromatin and chromosomes. Animal tissue histology. Animal cells and tissues. Human genetics. Chromosomal aberrations, genetic disorders and diseases. Genetic engineering. GMO organisms.

Requirements:

Credit terms:

Attendance at laboratory exercises, in case of non-attendance an excuse must be submitted and the exercise must be replaced in agreement with the head of the exercise.

Successful completion of the credit written work, minimum success rate 60%.

Exam prerequisites:

Obtaining credit. The examination consists of a written test and an oral examination. Answers to the questions are scored according to difficulty. The oral examination follows the corrected test. The overall mark of the examination corresponds to the applicable grading scale. If the result of any part is graded F, the result of the examination is automatically F.

Syllabus of lectures:

Basic information about the cellular level of organisms - from acelullar through prokaryotic to eukaryotic. The viruses. Prokaryotic cells. Bacteria. Bacterial diseases and their control. Eukaryotic cells. Plant and animal cell structure and function. The nucleus, plastids, mitochondria. Cytoplasm. Endomembrane system: endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, microbodies (glyoxisomes, peroxisomes), vacuoles. Semiautonomic organelles: mitochondria, sites of respiration and chloroplasts, sites of photosynthesis. The origin of eukaryotes: endosymbiotic hypothesis. Ribosomes. The cytoskeleton: microtubules, microfilaments. The cell cycle: mitotic (M) phase and interphase (G1, S and G2 phases). The division of cell nucleus - amitosis, mitosis, phases of mitosis, the mitotic spindle; meiosis. The cell division - cytokinesis. Cell differentiation. Cell death. Apoptosis and necrosis. Mendelian and modern genetics: structure, function and inheritance of genes. Includes the chemistry and structure of chromatin and chromosomes. Plant anatomy and histology. Types of plant cells and tissues. Tissue systems: meristems, epidermal, water-conducting and ground tissues, their structure and functions. Animal tissue histology. Animal cells and tissues. Human genetics. Chromosomal aberrations, genetic disorders and diseases. Genetic engineering. GMO organisms. Gene therapy.

Syllabus of tutorials:

1. Microscopy. Microscopic Methods.

2. The preparation of the microscopic sample.

3. Prokaryotic cell microscopy.

4. Eukaryotic cell microscopy.

5. Cell Organelles microscopy.

6. Cell Organelles microscopy.

7. Cell division. Mitosis.

8. Cell plasmolysis.

9. Plant anatomy and organology.

10. Animal tissues.

11. Genetics - exercises.

12. Genetics - exercises.

13. Molecular biology.

Study Objective:

Basic information about the cellular level of organisms - from acelullar through prokaryotic to eukaryotic. The viruses. Prokaryotic cells. Bacteria. Bacterial diseases and their control. Eukaryotic cells. Plant and animal cell structure and function. Structure and conformation of biopolymers (nucleid acids and proteins). The nucleus, plastids, mitochondria. Cytoplasm. Endomembrane system: endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, microbodies (glyoxisomes, peroxisomes), vacuoles. Semiautonomic organelles: mitochondria, sites of respiration and chloroplasts, sites of photosynthesis. The origin of eukaryotes: endosymbiotic hypothesis. Ribosomes. The cytoskeleton: microtubules, microfilaments. The cell cycle: mitotic (M) phase and interphase (G1, S and G2 phases). The division of cell nucleus - amitosis, mitosis, phases of mitosis, the mitotic spindle; meiosis. The cell division - cytokinesis. Cell differentiation. Cell death. Apoptosis and necrosis. Mendelian and modern genetics: structure, function and inheritance of genes. Includes the chemistry and structure of chromatin and chromosomes. Plant anatomy and histology. Types of plant cells and tissues. Tissue systems: meristems, epidermal, water-conducting and ground tissues, their structure and functions. Animal tissue histology. Animal cells and tissues. Human genetics. Chromosomal aberrations, genetic disorders and diseases. Genetic engineering. GMO organisms. Gene therapy.

Study materials:

[1] Alberts B., Bray D., Lewis J. a kol.: Molecular Biology of the Cell (4th ed.) Garland Science NY 2002, USA

[2]Thomas D. Pollard and William C. Earnshaw: Cell Biology, Updated Edition, 2004, Elsevier

[3]http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/ website dedicated to all aspects of microscopy (permission granted to use for teaching)

[4] Richard Goering, Hazel M. Dockrell, Mark Zuckerman, Peter L. Chiodini> Mims' Medical Microbiology and Immunology, 6th Edition, 2018, ISBN: 9780702071560

[5] Neil A. Campbell, Jane B. Reece: Biology https://medicalstudyzone.com/campbell-biology-pdf-free-download/

Note:

Further information:

No time-table has been prepared for this course

The course is a part of the following study plans:

• Biomedical Technician - full time study in English (compulsory course)