Physics I.

Course guarantor:

Zdeněk Kohout

Lecturer:

Zuzana Budinská, Petr Ducháček, Zdeněk Kohout

Tutor:

Zuzana Budinská, Petr Ducháček, Zdeněk Kohout, Rudolf Sýkora, Daniel Tischler

Supervisor:

Department of Physics

Synopsis:

In this course emphasis is placed on the theoretical basis of the discussed concepts and on the derivation of basic relationships and connections between concepts. Students will gain knowledge in some thematic areas that will be used in follow-up courses in their study.

Requirements:

Assessment is given to the student who successfully finished lab measurements and test. The exam consists of a written part and oral part.

Syllabus of lectures:

1. Physical quantities - vectors and scalars. Kinematics of a particle motion in one dimension.

2. Motion in two or three dimensions, circular motion. Newton's laws of motion. Galileian transformation.

3. Motion equations, applications. Dynamics of a circular motion. Work and energy. Principle of conservation of energy. Momentum, impulse, collisions. Centre of mass. Rigid body. Rotational and translational motions, the torque. Conservation of momentum and angular momentum.

4. Gravitation, Newton's law of universal gravitations. Potential and intensity of a gravitational filed, satellites. Fluid mechanics, surface tension.

5. Continuity equation, Bernoulli's equation. Viscosity. Temperature, heat, calorimetry. Internal energy, first law of thermodynamics.

6. Thermodynamic processes. The Carnot cycle. Equipartition of energy theorem. The second law of thermodynamics, entropy, probability, information.

7. Elasticity, stress, strain, elastic moduli. SHM, the physical pendulum, the simple pendulum, damped oscillations, forced oscillations, resonance.

8. Mechanical waves, types, mathematical description, sound, beats, the Doppler effect.

9. Electric charge, electric filed, intensity. Electric flux, Gauss's law, electric potential.

10. Capacitors, capacitance, energy of electric field, Gauss' law in dielectrics.

11. Electric current, resistivity, resistance, electromotive force.

12. Direct-current circuits, Kirchhoff's rules, power and energy in electric circuits.

13. Magnetic field, the Hall effect, magnetic materials.

14. Mass spectrometer, cyclotron. Sources of magnetic filed, Ampere's law.

Syllabus of tutorials:

Laboratory experiments concern the topics corresponding the lectures. Students are dvided into groups of two and each student must have his/her own report from each measurement.

Study Objective:

Study materials:

Vesela E., Physics I, CTU Publishing House, Prague, 2017

Vesela E., Vacek V. Physics - Laboratory Experiments, CTU Publishinhg House, Prague 1999

Note:

Time-table for winter semester 2025/2026:

	06:00–08:0008:00–10:0010:00–12:0012:00–14:0014:00–16:0016:00–18:0018:00–20:0020:00–22:0022:00–24:00
Mon	roomT4:C2-334 Ducháček P. 14:15–16:45 (lecture parallel1) Dejvice
Tue	roomT4:B2-148 Ducháček P. 09:00–10:30 (lecture parallel1 parallel nr.101) Dejvice roomT4:B2-148 Ducháček P. 10:45–12:15 (lecture parallel1 parallel nr.102) Dejvice
Wed
Thu	roomT4:B2-148 Ducháček P. 17:45–19:15 ODD WEEK (lecture parallel1 parallel nr.101) Dejvice roomT4:B2-148 Ducháček P. 17:45–19:15 EVEN WEEK (lecture parallel1 parallel nr.102) Dejvice
Fri

Time-table for summer semester 2025/2026:

Time-table is not available yet

The course is a part of the following study plans: