Daylight in Buildings
| Code | Completion | Credits | Range | Language |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 124DOSB | Z,ZK | 4 | 1P+2C | Czech |
- Garant předmětu:
- Lenka Maierová, Jaroslav Vychytil
- Lecturer:
- Lenka Maierová, Jaroslav Vychytil
- Tutor:
- Lenka Maierová, Jaroslav Vychytil
- Supervisor:
- Department of Architectural Engineering
- Synopsis:
-
Determining the position of the Sun in the sky using numerical methods. Plotting the position of the sun in various solar diagrams. Sunlight in residential and other specific spaces. Specifics of assessment and marginal conditions according to the Czech vs. European standards. Definition of cosine radiator and daylight factor, use in determining the amount of daylight in simple situations. Daylighting requirements depending on the purpose of the space. Necessary properties of sky, lighting aperture and shading obstruction. Possibilities of determining the individual components of the daylight factor. Daylight access to the facade of the building. Evaluation and calculation of overhead lighting.
- Requirements:
-
Completed bachelor's course “Stavební fyzika”.
- Syllabus of lectures:
-
1. Introduction to the course, repetition of knowledge about eclipses from bachelor studies. Methods for verification of insolation time. Properties of selected solar diagrams and the method of projection of solar paths in them.
2. Determining the position of the Sun in the sky using numerical methods. Comparison of the methods given in the original Czech and the new European standard. Sunlight in living rooms and in non-residential spaces (schools and nurseries, medical buildings, etc.). Demands in the past and now. Checkpoint location. Evaluation of the insolation of the land for the recreation of people. The construction of shadows cast on the terrain.
3. Daylight access to the facade of the building, criteria and possibilities for its determination.
4. Daylighting - repetition of knowledge from Bc. studies. The influence of lighting on humans, the characteristics of human vision and the connection with requirements for the level and quality of daylight. Graphical-numerical methods (Daniljuk angle networks, modified Waldram diagram, Arndt relation, BRS nomograms, etc.) for determining partial components of the daylight factor. Theoretical principles, boundary conditions, possibilities of use and advantages or disadvantages of the given methods. Placement of a network of control points in space.
5. The sky as a surface source of light. Lambert's (cosine) emitter. Use of the basic definition of the daylight factor and its modifications when solving simple problems.
6. Quantitative and qualitative requirements for daylight depending on the purpose of the space. Legislation, criteria, boundary conditions. Objective and subjective assessment of daylighting in specific spaces (living rooms, administration, schools, exhibition grounds, shops, workplaces with monitors and screens, industrial and sports buildings, etc.).
7. Use of professional software for evaluating daylighting. Basic (static) and advanced (using climate data) daylight availability modeling methods – daylight autonomy, useful daylight, brightness ratios, etc. Factors affecting the availability of daylight in buildings – surrounding buildings, layout, size and location of windows, filling window openings, surfaces, etc. Possibility of zoning the interior.
8. Factors affecting the availability of daylight in buildings – overhanging facade structures (loggias, balconies), complex facade systems, anidolic elements, intelligent glazing
9. Regulation of the penetration of daylight into the room, shading systems – fixed facade elements, mobile and automatic shading systems. Influence on the availability of sunlight and daylight.
10. Specifics of overhead lighting, influence of non-clear window filling material (polycarbonates, etc.), light guides. The method of calculating the daylight factor and its components in a space lit in this way.
11. Evaluation of the quality of the view from the room. Parameters affecting the view. Properties of shading obstacles in the field of vision.
12. Ways to assess the risk of glare probability (DGP) in the room.
13. Light-technical case study of a building. Examples of building optimization. Requirements for the availability of daylight incl. additional requirements for other quality parameters of the indoor environment.
- Syllabus of tutorials:
-
1. Verification of insolation using a rectangular and stereographic sun diagram. Comparison of the results with the task from the bachelor's study (shading diagram). Determining the value of the ineffective angle for the given lighting openings.
2. Use of the shading diagram when solving practical tasks (e.g. placing a new building in an urban development or determining the possible height and/or distance of a shading building). Subsequent verification of the truth of the result by calculating the time of insolation in professional software.
3. Determination of the daylight factor on the vertical plane. Evaluation of light access to the facade of the building. Evaluation of whether or not the object is shading excessively.
4. Determination of the sky and external reflected component of the daylight factor in a living room using a numerical method based on Daniljuk's angular grids.
5. Determination of the sky and external reflected component of the daylight factor in a living room using a modified Waldram diagram. Comparing the results with the previous task.
6. Determining the daylight factor in professional software - object modeling, basic calculation procedure. Checkpoint network. Differences in assessment according to the original and current standard.
7. Use of professional software to assess the influence of the layout of the room, the location and size of the window opening on the factors of daylighting. Possibilities of zoning the assessed interior.
8. Use of professional software to assess the influence of surrounding buildings, shading facade structures (loggias, balconies) on the availability of daylight in the room.
9. Use of professional software to assess the influence of window construction, type of glazing, color and structure of surfaces on factors of daylighting.
10. Determining the amount of daylight in a space lit by skylights with diffuse glazing material.
11. Selection of control points in the specified area for the evaluation of the outlook. Expression of individual parameters affecting the outlook. Preparation for an application task in a subject that focuses on measurement.
12. Determination of the probability of the risk of glare depending on the position of the eyes, the specified parameters of the glare source, etc.
13. Design of the dimensions of the shading structure for the elimination of summer overheating.
- Study Objective:
-
The ability to apply an engineering approach in solving complex tasks in the field of sun exposure and daylighting. The graduate of the subject is able to assess daylighting, but also to propose effective solutions for its optimization. He has insight into the theoretical essence of individual calculation methods and practical experience in their application. He is familiar with the procedures for assessing the availability of daylight and solar radiation in all necessary project phases, i.e. the placement of the building in the area, the layout of the building and detailed analyzes in the design of facade systems. It has an overview of the procedures for evaluating other qualitative parameters of daylighting, i.e. visibility and the risk of glare.
- Study materials:
-
! Presentation and materials on the subject's website.
! VYCHYTIL, Jaroslav. Stavební světelná technika - cvičení. Praha: Nakladatelství ČVUT v Praze, 2015, 156 s. ISBN 978-80-01-05858-9.
! VYCHYTIL, Jaroslav., KAŇKA, Jan. Stavební světelná technika - přednášky. Praha: Nakladatelství ČVUT v Praze, 2016, 176 s. ISBN 978-80-01-06060-5.
? ČSN EN 17037 Denní osvětlení budov, ČAS Praha, srpen 2019.
? ČSN 73 0580-1 Denní osvětlení budov - Část 1: Základní požadavky, ČNI Praha, červen 2007.
? ČSN 73 0580-2 Denní osvětlení budov - Část 2: Denní osvětlení obytných budov, ČNI Praha, červen 2007.
? ČSN 73 4301 Obytné budovy, ČNI Praha, červen 2004.
? REINHART, Christoph Daylight Handbook I, Building Technology Press, 2014.
- Note:
- Further information:
- zATÍM NENÍ.
- Time-table for winter semester 2023/2024:
- Time-table is not available yet
- Time-table for summer semester 2023/2024:
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06:00–08:0008:00–10:0010:00–12:0012:00–14:0014:00–16:0016:00–18:0018:00–20:0020:00–22:0022:00–24:00
Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri - The course is a part of the following study plans: