Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics

Garant předmětu:

Pavel Demo

Lecturer:

Pavel Demo

Tutor:

Supervisor:

Department of Physics

Synopsis:

Basic terminology, definitions, principles and postulates of equilibrium thermodynamics.

Thermodynamical system, phase, aggregate state of matter. State equations.

Gibbs model of phase interface. Thermodynamical equilibrium conditions.

Ehrenfest classification of phase changes. 1st order phase transitions (Clausius-Clapeyron equation, nucleation). Condensation, solidification, melting, sublimation.

Surfaces. Surface energy and surface tension. Young-Laplace equation. Experimental determination of surface tension/energy.

Fundamentals of small systems thermodynamics.Porous systems.

Introduction to linear nonequilibrium thermodynamics.Generalized forces and fluxes.Balance equations for mass, impulse and energy.

Requirements:

Physical/mathematical skills at the bachelor/magister level.

Syllabus of lectures:

History of thermodynamics. Basic definitions: system, process, state of the system. Relaxation process. Basic postulates of equilibrium thermodynamics. Phase transitions: condensation, solidification. Principles of linear nonequilibrium thermodynamics. Hypothesis of local equilibrium. Generalized fluxes and forces. Onsager thermodynamics. Transport phenomena in materials. Heat transfer. Diffusion of matter. Balance equations. Applications of transport processes in real systems.

Syllabus of tutorials:

See above.

Study Objective:

Understanding and applicability of basic concepts of equilibrium and nonequilibrium thermodynamics. Application of transport processes (in particular, heat conduction and diffusion) in civil engineering.

Study materials:

J. Kvasnica: Termodynamika, SNTL, Praha 1965

J. Crank: The Mathematics of Diffusion,Oxford 1975

P. Demo, Fyzika (skripta), ČVUT Praha 2008

Note:

Time-table for winter semester 2024/2025:

Time-table is not available yet

Time-table for summer semester 2024/2025:

Time-table is not available yet

The course is a part of the following study plans: