Technical Optics

Course guarantor:

Lecturer:

Tutor:

Supervisor:

Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering

Synopsis:

The course gives a thorough interpretation of the principle of image forming by planar and spherical surfaces under the laws of geometric optics. Monochromatic and colour aberrations are also explained.

Requirements:

Elaboration of given tasks.

Exam questions:

Light as electromagnetic waves, polarization.

Refraction index, dispersion, Abbe number.

Optical path length. Fermat's principle.

Reflection as a function of refraction index and angle of incidence. Reflection of polarized light.

Deviating prisms - types. Handedness and parity. Unfolding.

Dispersing prisms - principle and types.

Definition of a paraxial space. Refraction equations for a spherical surface.

Cardinal points and planes, sign convention, optical power, focal length, magnifications.

System of spherical surfaces: cardinal points, transfer equations (Gauss, Newton), magnifications.

Thick lens: types, basic shapes, locations of principal planes.

Thin lens: definition, cardinal points. Thin lens combinations: effective focal length.

Aperture and field stops: definition, location, function. F number.

Pupils and windows: definition, location, function.

Diffraction: Airy disc, angular resolution.

Monochromatic aberrations: types, description.

Chromatic aberration: description, correction. Achromat, apochromat, superachromat.

Aditive and subtractive colour mixing. Objective colour description.

Syllabus of lectures:

1. Light as electromagnetic radiation. Wavefronts and rays. Index of refraction. Optical path. Polarization.

2. Fermat's principle. Refraction and reflection at a plane surface. Total internal reflection. Planparalel plate. Handeness and parity.

3. Plane mirro and systems of mirrors. Refraction prisms: types, applications.

4.Crown and flint glass, dispersion, Abbe number. Dispersion prisms, minimum deviation position.

5. Curved optical surfaces. Transfer equations, ray tracing. Cardinal points and planes.

6. Focal length, optical power. Magnification: transverse, axial, angular.

7. Centred system of optical surfaces: cardinal points, focal length, magnification, transfer equations.

8. Thick lens: image forming, ray tracing, types.

9. Thin lens: image forming, ray tracing (graphically and algebraically).

10. Systems of thin lenses, system focus. Afocal system.

11. Aberrations of optical systems: monochromatic. 12. Aberrations of optical systems: chromatic. Corrections of aberrations. Doublets.

13. Colorimetry. Colour mixing, colour systems.

Syllabus of tutorials:

Study Objective:

Understanding the laws of geometrical optics, image formation, the origin and nature of the aberrations.

Study materials:

Born, M., Wolf, E., Principles of optics, Pergamon Press, N.Y, 1970

Williams Ch. S., Becklund O. A.: Optics: A Short Course for Engineers and Scientists

Note:

Further information:

No time-table has been prepared for this course

The course is a part of the following study plans: