Physics for Optometrists

Garant předmětu:

Lecturer:

Tutor:

Supervisor:

Department of Natural Sciences

Synopsis:

The course represents for students a unit that will allow them to gain basic knowledge in the areas of: mechanics, thermodynamics, electricity and magnetism and solid state physics, especially in those sub-areas that they can use in further study and practice. Emphasis is placed on theoretical knowledge, but also on solving problems and measuring selected quantities. The limits of classical physics will be presented in a suitable form.

Requirements:

Credit requirements:

The credit has a theoretical and practical part. To successfully pass the theoretical part, it is necessary to obtain at least 50% of points in the credit test, the test consists of eight tasks from the topics discussed in the exercises. A calculator and a list of formulas, which is published on the subject pages, are allowed for the test. Examples in the test are scored 0 - 5 points, to gain the theoretical part of the credit it is necessary 20 points, the point gain of the credit test is added to the overall classification of the subject. To grant the practical part of the credit it is necessary 100% participation in laboratory exercises and elaboration of all assigned protocols, protocols are marked A - F and the average grade from all protocols is part of the overall classification of the subject (A = 10 points added to the point gain of the written part of the exam, B = 5 points, C = 0 points, D = -5 points, E = -10 points and F = no credit).

Test requirements:

Credit registered in KOS. The exam is only written, consisting of ten theoretical questions evaluated with five points (maximum 50 points), the result will be added points for laboratory exercises (-10 to +10 points) and points from the credit test (21 - 40 points). The final grading is standard according to the achieved percentages (base 100 points). Emphasis is placed on understanding the issue and the context. The list of questions for the exam will be published on the course website before the start of the exam period.

Syllabus of lectures:

1. Particle position, motions and their description, vector and scalar quantities and operations with them, SI system, unit conversions, average and instantaneous velocity, acceleration, uniformly accelerated motion, vertical throw. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional movements and their description - oblique and horizontal litter.

2. Motion and force, momentum, equations of motion, Newton's laws, types of forces, composition of forces, momentum, law of conservation of momentum. Motion of bodies in force field, properties of friction forces, resistance force, limit velocity, Newton's formula, Stokes' formula.

3. Work, power, kinetic and potential energy. Work of elastic force, power, law of conservation of mechanical energy.

4. System of material points, material center, center of gravity, 1st impulse theorem, impulse of force and momentum, collisions - elastic, inelastic.

5. Rotational motion, rolling, moment of force, moment of momentum, Steiner's theorem, 2nd impulse theorem, law of conservation of momentum.

6. Oscillating motion and its description, harmonic motion, pendulums, damped oscillator, resonance.

7. Mechanical waves, types of waves, successive waves, interference, standing waves, sound.

8. Equilibrium, elasticity, thermomechanics, material center, deformation, elasticity, Hooke's law.

9. Fluids, density and pressure, Pascal's law, Archimedes' law, flow, continuity equation, Bernoulli's equation.

10. Thermodynamics, temperature, heat, temperature measurement, temperature scales, thermometers, 1st law of thermodynamics. Kinetic theory of gases, ideal gas, Avogadro's constant, kinetic energy of substances, thermal processes in gases, entropy, 2nd law of thermodynamics.

11. Electric field, Coulomb's law, intensity and potential, electric current in metals, liquids and gases, conductor resistance, folding of resistors. Direct and alternating current and their properties.

12. Magnetic field and its properties, magnetic induction, electromagnetic induction and its use.

13. Electromagnetic waves. Maxwell's rainbow, properties and use of individual types of waves. Interference, dispersion, diffraction.

14. Basics of radioactivity and atom composition. Physics of atomic shell and nucleus. Fundamentals of modern physics - photon and quantum phenomena. Laser.

Syllabus of tutorials:

Syllabus of numerical exercises:

THEORETICAL EXERCISES always relate to the material covered in the lecture:

1. Kinematics - motions and their description, vector and scalar quantities, velocity, acceleration, uniformly accelerated motion, vertical, oblique and horizontal throw.

2. Dynamics - force, momentum, equations of motion, Newton's laws, the law of conservation of momentum.

3. Work, power, energy, the law of conservation of mechanical energy.

4. Precipitation - flexible, inelastic.

5. Rotational motion, rolling, moment of force, moment of momentum, Steiner's theorem.

6. Oscillating motion and its description.

7. Mechanical waves, sound.

8. Equilibrium, elasticity, deformation, Hooke's law.

9. Fluids. Pascal's law, Archimedes' law, continuity equation, Bernoulli's equation.

10. Thermodynamics, 1st and 2nd law of thermodynamics.

11. Electric field and electric current in metals, liquids and gases, conductor resistance. Direct and alternating current.

12. Magnetic field, electromagnetic induction.

13. Basics of radioactivity and atom composition.

14. Test

Syllabus of laboratory exercises:

The student will prepare 6 tasks from the following list

1. Moment of inertia

2. Electrochemical equivalent of copper and Faraday constant

3. Boiling water under reduced pressure

4. Elasticity modulus

5. Measuring the length of sound waves in the air

6. Kinematics and dynamics of bodies

7. Oblique litter

8. Pendulum oscillation

Study Objective:

The course is to acquaint students of optometry with basic knowledge and numerical procedures in the fields of mechanics, thermodynamics, electricity and magnetism and solid state physics to the extent necessary to master further studies, especially the physics of optics.

Study materials:

Recommended literature:

[1] Recorded video lectures and materials at MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA), course „Classical Mechanics“, http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-01-physics-i-classical-mechanics-fall -1999 /

[2] Feynman Lectures on Physics at California Institute of Technology: http://www.feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/

Note:

Further information:

No time-table has been prepared for this course

The course is a part of the following study plans:

• Optics and Optometry (compulsory course)