Anatomy, Physiology and General and Special Pathology of Eye

Garant předmětu:

Hana Chylová

Lecturer:

Hana Chylová

Tutor:

Hana Chylová

Supervisor:

Department of Natural Sciences

Synopsis:

Definitions, goals, history, diseases, symptomatology. Etiology and pathogenesis of a disease on a tissular, cellular and molecular level. External factors of the origin and development of the disease. Pathogenic impulses. Wound healing. Inflammation as a defensive and autoaggressive phenomenon. Circulatory disorders, atrophy, necrosis. Tumours. Specific features of pathological changes in the central nervous system, visual pathway and eye itself.

Requirements:

Continuous basic knowledge verified by continuous oral examination. The final test contains 32 questions. To pass exam, the student must have 51% correct answers.

Syllabus of lectures:

1. Definition and position of pathology. Concept of tissue pathology, working methods. Classification of pathology. Causes of diseases. Etiological and systemic pathology.

2. Regressive changes, the concept of death. Necrosis, apoptosis, atrophy. Dystrophy.

3. Inflammation - anatomical and clinical features. Acute and chronic inflammation.

4. Tumors – neoplastic diseases. Carcinogenesis, benign and malignant tumors. Grading and staging of tumors.

5. Progressive changes. Teratology: chromosomal, genetic and epigenetic defects.

6. Etiological pathology. Infectious diseases. Non-infectious diseases. Nutrition deficiency. Immune disorders.

7. Pathology of the eye. Introduction to the examination methods, necessary to assess pathological changes. Periocular area, orbit, tear apparatus (lacrimal gland and drainage apparatus), bulbar congestion - superficial and deep injection.

8. Position and posture of the bulb, bulb motility. Cornea - surface, thickness and endothelium. Anterior chamber.

9. Diseases of the lens – cataract. Vitreous humour.

10. Diseases of the retina and optic nerve. Glaucoma.

11. Hereditary diseases. Pathological changes in refractive errors.

12. Strabism

13. Orbital injuries

14. Summary

Syllabus of tutorials:

Study Objective:

Definition, goals, disease, symptom. Etiology and pathogenesis of a disease on a tissular, cellular and molecular level. External factors of the origin and development of the disease. Pathogenic impulses. Wound healing. Inflammation as a defensive and autoaggressive phenomenon. Circulatory disorders, atrophy, necrosis. Tumours. Specific features of pathological changes in the central nervous system, visual pathway and eye itself

Study materials:

[1] Heissigerová J a kol. Oftalmologie. Pro pregraduální a postgraduální přípravu. Maxdorf Jessenius, 2018. ISBN 978-80-7345-580-4

[2] Anatomy and physiology. ISBN: 978-1-304-84002-8. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344058244_FUNDAMENTAL_PRINCIPLES_OF_HUMAN_ANATOMY_PHYSIOLOGY

Note:

Time-table for winter semester 2024/2025:

	06:00–08:0008:00–10:0010:00–12:0012:00–14:0014:00–16:0016:00–18:0018:00–20:0020:00–22:0022:00–24:00
Mon
Tue
Wed
Thu	roomKL:B-330 Chylová H. 16:00–17:50 (lecture parallel1) Kladno FBMI Učebna
Fri

Time-table for summer semester 2024/2025:

Time-table is not available yet

The course is a part of the following study plans:

• Optics and Optometry (compulsory course)