Introduction to Photochemistry and Photobiology

Garant předmětu:

Lecturer:

Tutor:

Supervisor:

Department of Nuclear Chemistry

Synopsis:

At the beginning, an absorption of UV/vis radiation in molecular system and the energy

transfer is explained and discussed. Then, photochemical laws and quantum yields of photochemical reactions are defined. Experimental techniques in photochemistry are reviewed. The light is also shed on the relationship between photochemistry and radiation chemistry / plasma chemistry. Classes and nature of different photochemical reactions are described in general. Within a part of the course devoted to the systematic photochemistry, the key reactions of illuminated inorganic, coordination, organometallic, organic and bio-organic compounds are reviewed. Practical utilization of photochemical reactions is summarized (photography, photolithography, photochemical syntheses, environmental photochemistry, etc.). Fundamentals of biological action of UV/vis radiation are exposed in the course. Special attention is paid to photosynthesis, vision, and photodynamic therapy.

Requirements:

Fundamentals of inorganic, organic and physical chemistry.

Syllabus of lectures:

1. Photochemical laws. Quantum yields.

2. Primary events and kinetics of photochemical reactions. Energy transfer in molecular systems. Excited states, reactive intermediates and free radicals.

3. Emission and absorption spectra of atoms and molecules and their photochemical meaning. Kasha-Vavilov rule.

4. Relationships of photochemistry and radiation chemistry and plasma chemistry.

5. Light sources and photochemical reactors. Physical photometry and chemical actinometry.

6. Kinetic and laser spectroscopy. Flash photolysis.

7. Basic classification of system of photochemical reactions. Photochemical reactions of inorganic, coordination, organic, and bio-organic compounds. Photochemical reactions in gases, liquids, and solids.

8. Photochemical syntheses. Photochemical and photoelectrochemical systems for harvesting solar energy. Stability and stabilization of polymers and other technologically important materials exposed to solar radiation and outer space environment.

9. Photopolymerization; photo-curing of polymers. Photography. Photolithography and photoresists.

10. Photoinduced processes in the aquatic environment. Photochemistry of Earth?s and planetary atmospheres. Photochemical technologies for waste treatment.

11. UV-induced damage to nucleic acids, its consequences and repair. Action of ultraviolet radiation in proteins and cell membranes. Ultraviolet disinfection (UV germicidal lamps).

12. Photosynthesis. Molecular mechanisms of vision. Photodynamic effect and its use in cancer therapy.

Syllabus of tutorials:

Study Objective:

The course provides an introduction to photochemical laws, processes and techniques. Students achieve basic knowledge in the area of general, systematic and applied photochemistry. Photobiological processes are introduced as well. Students get a competence to attend more specialized and advanced photochemical and photobiological courses and undergo a laboratory training in various experimental techniques used in photochemistry and photobiology.

Study materials:

Key references:

J.Kopecký:Organická fotochemie v obrazech,schématech a tabulkách,Academia,Praha 1987

P.Klán:Organická fotochemie,skripta Masarykovy univerzity, Brno 2001

Recommended references:

N.J.Turro,V.Ramamurthy,J.C.Scaiano:Principles of Molecular Photochemistry,University Science Book,Sausalito(CA)2009

J.Sýkora,J.Šima:Fotochémia koordinačných zlúčenín,Veda,Bratislava 1986

Note:

Further information:

No time-table has been prepared for this course

The course is a part of the following study plans:

• Jaderná chemie (elective course)
• Jaderná chemie (compulsory elective course)