Internal Combustion Engines II.

Lecturer:

Antonín Mikulec (gar.), Jan Macek (gar.)

Tutor:

Antonín Mikulec (gar.), Jan Macek (gar.)

Supervisor:

Department of Automotive, Combustion Engine and Railway

Synopsis:

To provide information concerning fundamentals of internal combustion engines (ICE): principles of combustion, formation of pollutants, gas exchange, super- and turbocharging; description of tools for fuel injection, mixture formation, valve gears, combustion realization, exhaust aftertreatment, lubrication and cooling.

Requirements:

Syllabus of lectures:

8.Principles of ICE performance; laws of thermodynamics; conservation laws for open system; basic distribution of ICE. Operation and control of system engine/load. Main engine characteristics.

9.ICE cycles - HP (high pressure) phase (closed system) in real and idealized form. Idealized cycles, example of analytical efficiency calculation. T-s diagram, efficiency assessment. Carnot cycle, real limits of ICE cycles (T, p, v). Stirling cycle.

10.LP (low pressure) phase (charge exchange) - real and idealized form at 4 stroke engine. 2 stroke engines. Volumetric efficiency and cylinder charging. Indicated efficiency and pumping work. Mechanical efficiency.

11.Schemes of gas turbines and super-turbocharged engines. Gas turbine cycle (Ericsson-Brayton), heat regeneration. Adiabatic irreversible changes. Principle of turbine performance - momentum change at blades.

12.Fuels - chemical components of HC fuels. Raw oil processing. Stoichiometry of fuel/air mixtures. Burnt gas composition.

13.Thermochemistry of fuels - Hess and Kirchhoff equations, calorific value. Reaction mechanisms. Laws of chemical kinetics / Guldberg-Waage&Arrhenius. Reaction equilibrium. Dissociation of combustion products.

14.Adiabatic flame temperature. Chemical efficiency. Elementary processes in mixture preparation, combustion and heat transfer - air/fuel mixing, pre-flame reactions, ignition delay, premixed flame - deflagration or detonation, diffusion flame.

15.Specific features of unsteady combustion in a spray. Main pollutants and their formation during combustion in different flames. Pollution measurement and regulation.

16.Heat transfer to cooled walls. Real compression and expansion processes. Engine HP process simulation, thermodynamic analysis of engine cycle.

17. Engine LP (low pressure) process simulation. Basic equations for charge exchange coefficients and engine efficiency. Tools of torque control.

18.Mixture preparation (in general). Engine cycle with external mixture preparation.

19.External mixture preparation: Decomposition of fuel spray. Charge motion in cylinder. Injection systems for spark-ignition engines. Mixture formation in DISI (GDI) engines.

20.Combustion in spark-ignition engines. Ignition systems. Combustion chambers. Injection systems for internal mixture preparation.

21.Injection systems and internal mixture formation. Cylinder charge exchange.

22.Energy balance („thermal“) for piston engines, cooling systems.

23.Mechanical charging of engines. Combustion turbines and turbochargers.

24.Sealing of a piston - piston ring performance. Engine lubrication, lubricating oils.

25.Combustion turbines and turbochargers.

26.Coaction of turbocharger with 4-stroke engine. Work cycle of turbocharged engine. Exhaust system.

27.Configuration of turbocharged engines, control of charge pressure.

28.Engine charakteristics. Emissions. Operating parameters.

29.Engine noise. Similarity of piston engines. Determination of main dimensions.

30.Design criteria.

31.Future for combustion engines.

Syllabus of tutorials:

Study Objective:

To understand engine operation and design proces

Study materials:

Introduction to Internal Combustion Engines, Richard Stone

Advanced Engine Technology, Heinz Heisler

Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals, John Heywood

The Internal Combustion Engine in Theory and Practice, Charles F. Taylor

Internal Combustion Engines, V. Ganesan

Automobiltechnisches Handbuch, Richard Bussien, Gustav Goldbeck

Note:

Time-table for winter semester 2011/2012:

Time-table is not available yet

Time-table for summer semester 2011/2012:

Time-table is not available yet

The course is a part of the following study plans: