Electronic Elements and Sensors in Medicine

The course 17ABBESL can be graded only after the course 17ABBTEL has been successfully completed.

In order to register for the course 17ABBPNK, the student must have successfully completed the course 17ABBESL.

Garant předmětu:

Lecturer:

Tutor:

Supervisor:

Department of Biomedical Technology

Synopsis:

This subject provides information about basic electronic devices - sensors, describes their operation principle, basic circuit configuration and application. The stress is aid mainly on clarifying of basic principles and practical utilization. Integral part of this course is basic information about sensors of non-electric quantities and their read-out circuits eg. strain related sensors (force, pressure, torque, vibration, displacement, acceleration etc.) magnetic field sensors, temperature sensors, chemical sensors, optical sensors and biosensors. The stress is aid on miniaturization, integration and application in biomedicine.

Requirements:

Conditions of credit: The visit and measurement of all excercises, check of remarks from measurements.

Conditions of exam: Successful credit fulfilment (20%) Successful test fulfilment (80%)

Syllabus of lectures:

1. Why sensors - introduction to sensors and their applications

2. Parameters of sensors and devices

3. Capacity - capacity sensors, capacity pressure sensors,

4. Piezorezistive phenomenom - strain gauges, pressure piezorezitive sensors

5. Piezoelectric phenomena - the basic operation principle, pressure piezoelectric sensors

6. Inductance, inductive, magnetic principle - sensors with magnetic circuits

7. Hall phenomena, magnetorezistive phenomena - sensors of magnetic quantities

8. The temperature characteristics of pn junction, the resistance dependance of semiconductor and metal, thermoelectric effect, temperature dependence of the MOS structure - temperature sensors

9. Accelerometers

10. Flow sensors, level sensors,

11. Chemical sensors

12. Nanosensors

13. Sensor microsystem for biomedical diagnostics (lab-on-chip etc.)

Syllabus of tutorials:

1.Introduction, security of work in the lab, lab rules and lab equipment. Revise of the demands for passing the subject, proper literature for seminars and labs, requirements for homeworks and home preparation.

2.Measuring of the basic properties of the diedes (Si, Ge, Schottky, LED, tunnel) - current-voltage characteristic and reverse recovery time. Measurement of the voltage stabilizer with the Zener diode.

3.Measurement of the static input and output BJT characteristics, stabilization of the DC operation point.

4.Measurement of the BJT amplifier (common emitter, common collector, common base), determination of the input and output differential resistance and influence of the blocking capacitor on the amplification.

5.Measurement of the static output characteristic of the unipolar transistor MOSFET, stabilization of the DC operation point, deretmination of the parameters y21 and y22.

6.MOSFETs for DC/DC converters

7.Pressure sensors (characteristics, application for the blood pressure monitoring), force sensor (characteristics, properties of the strain gauge bridge)

8.LVDT posture sensor (characteristic, measurement of the synchronous converter), Induction and turbine sensor as a flow-meter, current-voltage characteristic of the thermistor as a function of the flow velocity, design of the thermistor based anemometer.

9.Measurement of the residual field of the pulmonary dust centers on the model using the flux gate magnetometer and nonmagnetic positioning device. Creation of the 3D magnetic gradient map. Measurement of the stomach volume using the induction method. Influence of the sensor positioning on the accuracy of the measurement. Impedance of the inductor and its frequency dependency.

10.Optoelectronic sensors (spectral characteristics of the light sources, implementation of the IR gate), measurement of the physiologic properties of the human sight and hearing.

11.Radioactive irradiation sensors - Geiger Muller counter, lightening sensors. Detectors of the chemical pollution, sensors for detection of the chemical vapors and gases and humidity.

12.Velocity sensors and displacement sensors, accelerometers for measurement of the inclination and vibrations. Anemometric measurement and cooling.

13.Contamination and pH factor of the water. Sensor for water contamination detection and pH measurement. Final test.

14.Final measurement, final test correction, credit award.

Study Objective:

Identification of basic types and functions of electronic sensors used in medial diagnostics and instrumentation.

Study materials:

[1] Foit,J: Basic Electronics, textbook, CTU in Prague, 2005

[2] Foit,J.: Electronics Fundamentals, CTU in Prague, 2007

[3] Wilson,J.: Sensor Technology Handbook, Elsevier, 2005

[4] Gardner,J.W.: Microsensors - Principles and Applications. John Wiley & Sons, New York, USA 1994

Note:

Further information:

No time-table has been prepared for this course

The course is a part of the following study plans:

• Biomedical Technician - full time study in English (compulsory course)