Dosimetry and Radiation Protection

Garant předmětu:

Lecturer:

Tutor:

Supervisor:

Department of Dosimetry and Application of Ionizing Radiation

Synopsis:

Main part of the course deals with the interactions of ionizing radiation with matter describing the source and the radiation field and its effect in matter. The next section discusses in detail the variables describing the interaction of ionizing radiation (IR) with the matter, the effects of ionizing radiation and microdosimetric variables. The cycle is closed with an overview of the radiation protection system, biological effects of IR and secure management of IR resources in the workplace. Lectures are complemented by an overview of current legislation relating to the use of radiation protection (RP) and IR in practice.

Lectures are supplemented with practical exercises that address the basic models and examples as the calculation of doses and shielding of IR.

Successful students will obtain a certificate required for being registered for an exam leading to receiving a qualification of a Radiation safety officer following the Czech legislation.

Requirements:

Syllabus of lectures:

1.Current status of dosimetry and its tasks. Direct interaction of ionizing radiation with matter.

2.Heavy charged particles, electrons, inelastic collisions, elastic collisions, bremsstrahlung.

3.Interaction of indirectly ionizing radiation with matter. Gamma rays, X rays, photoeffect, Compton scattering, pair production, neutrons, nuclear reactions.

4.Sources of ionizing radiation and variables that describe them. Activity and quantities derived from it, definitions of units and calculation. Emission of source.

5.Field Radiation - quantities and units used to describe the field of directly and indirectly ionizing radiation, radiation balance and the balance of charged particles.

6.Quantities describing the direct interaction of ionizing radiation with matter. Linear energy transfer, braking ability.

7.Attenuation coefficient, energy transfer and energy absorption. Relations between these variables. IR shielding methods.

8.Variables to describe the effects of ionizing radiation. The definition of exposure, kerma and the reasons for its adoption. The relationship between exposure and kerma.

9.Deposit energy and dose - definitions and calculation. Comparison with exposure dose and kerma for different situations. Microdosimetric quantities - linear and specific energy. Differences between the stochastic and unstochastic variables in dosimetry.

10.Radiation protection principles and criteria.

11.Overview of IR resources. Conditions for safe operation of IR resources.

12.Biological effects of ionizing radiation, the principles of protection against ionizing radiation and its applications, protection against ionizing radiation in the workplaces.

13.Overview of legislation associated with RP and peaceful use of IR.

Syllabus of tutorials:

1.The calculations of basic quantities, range of particles, stopping power.

2.Calculation of activity.

3.Emission of source, fluence of particle and energy.

4.Calculation of kerma for photon radiation.

5.Attenuation of radiation in the material, calculation of shielding (charged, uncharged particles).

Study Objective:

Knowledge:

Students will learn about the interaction of IR with the matter, an overview of variables used to describe the behavior of IR and IR sources shielding. Overview of the basic principles of RP and biological effects of IR and knowledge of relevant legislation.

Abilities:

Students are able to calculate the basic dosimetric quantities, propose shielding used for working with IR resources and orientate themselves in the current legislation, including working with IR resources and RP.

Study materials:

Key references:

[1] J. Seda, L. Musilek, I. Peter, J. Sabol, Z. Melichar: Dosimetry of ionizing radiation, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1983 (in Czech)

[2] Czech Standard ISO 31-9: Atomic and Nuclear Physics(in Czech)

[3] Czech Standard ISO 1931-1910: Nuclear reactions and ionizing radiation(in Czech)

Recommended references:

[4] Klener V. (editor): Principles and Practice of Radiation Protection, Prague SONS, 2000(in Czech)

[5] ICRU Report No.. 60 (1998): Fundamental Quantities and Units for Ionizing Radiation

[6] W.H. Tait: Radiation Detection, Butterworths, 1980.

[7] G.F. Knoll: Radiation Detection and Measurement, J. Wiley & Sons, New York, 1984

Note:

Further information:

No time-table has been prepared for this course

The course is a part of the following study plans:

• BS Jaderná chemie (compulsory course of the specialization)