Automata and Grammars

Code	Completion	Credits	Range	Language
BI-AAG	Z,ZK	6	2P+2C	Czech

Lecturer:

Jan Janoušek, Jan Holub (guarantor)

Tutor:

Jan Janoušek, Ondřej Guth, Tomáš Pecka, Štěpán Plachý, Radomír Polách, Martin Svoboda, Eliška Šestáková, Jan Trávníček

Supervisor:

Department of Theoretical Computer Science

Synopsis:

Students are introduced to basic theoretical and

implementation principles of the following topics:

construction, use and mutual transformations of finite

automata, regular expressions and regular grammars,

translation finite automata, construction and use of

pushdown automata, hierarchy of formal languages,

Relationships between formal languages and automata.

Knowledge acquired through the module is applicable in

designs of algorithms for searching in text, data

compression, simple parsing and translation, and design of

digital circuits.

Requirements:

Knowledge of basic data structures and computer programming.

Syllabus of lectures:

1. Motivation to study formal languages. Basic notions (language, alphabet, grammar, automaton), Chomsky hierarchy.

2. Nondeterministic and deterministic finite automata (NFA, DFA), NFA with epsilon transitions.

3. Operations on automata (transformation to NFA without epsilon transitions, to DFA, minimization), intersection, union.

4. Programming implementations of DFA and NFA, circuit implementations.

5. Adding translation, Mealey, Moore, conversions.

6. Operations on regular grammars, conversions to FA.

7. Regular expressions, regular expression conversions, finite automata and regular grammars, Kleene theorem.

8. Principles of use of regular expressions in UNIX (grep, egrep, perl, PHP, ...).

9. Finite automaton as a lexical analyzer, lex/flex generators.

10. Properties of regular languages (pumping lemma, Nerode theorem).

11. Context-free languages, pushdown automaton.

12. Parsing of context-free languages (nondeterministic versus deterministic).

13. Context-sensitive and recursively enumerable languages, Turing machine. Classes P, NP, NPC, NPH

Syllabus of tutorials:

1. Implementation of FA.

2. Examples of formal languages. Intuitive considerations of grammars for given languages. Estimation of the classification of a given language in Chomsky hierarchy.

3. Intuitive creation of finite automata (DFA, NFA, with epsilon transitions) for a given langauage.

4. Transformations and compositions of FA.

5. FA with output function and its implementation.

6. Conversions of grammars to FA and vice versa.

7. Considerations, modifications and transformations of regular expressions.

8. Use of regular expressions for text processing tasks (e.g. sh, grep, sed, perl).

9. Creation and implementation of lexical analyzers.

10. Classification of languages.

11. Examples of context-free languages, creation of pushdown automata.

12. Examples of deterministic parsing of context-free languages (e.g. LL, yacc, bison).

13. Examples of context-sensitive and recursively enumerable languages, creation of grammars, creation of Turing machines.

Study Objective:

The module introduces students to finite automata, regular expressions, grammars, and translation finite automata, with an emphasis on their practical use. Furthermore, the module introduces students to the class of context-free languages, basic use of pushdown automata, as well as the classification of languages.

Study materials:

1. Aho, A. V., Lam, M. S., Sethi, R., Ullman, J. D. „Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools“ (2nd Edition). Addison Wesley, 2007. ISBN 0321486811.

2. Kozen, D. C. „Automata and Computability“. Springer, 1997. ISBN 0387949070.

3. Melichar, B., Holub, J., Mužátko, P. „Languages and Translations“. Praha: Publishing House of CTU, 1997. ISBN 80-01-01692-7.

Note:

Further information:

https://courses.fit.cvut.cz/BI-AAG/

Time-table for winter semester 2018/2019:

	06:00–08:0008:00–10:0010:00–12:0012:00–14:0014:00–16:0016:00–18:0018:00–20:0020:00–22:0022:00–24:00
Mon	roomT9:155 Janoušek J. 14:30–16:00 (lecture parallel2) Dejvice PosluchárnaroomT9:347 Polách R. 16:15–17:45 (lecture parallel2 parallel nr.201) Dejvice NBFIT učebnaroomT9:347 Polách R. 18:00–19:30 (lecture parallel2 parallel nr.202) Dejvice NBFIT učebna
Tue	roomTK:BS Holub J. 11:00–12:30 (lecture parallel1) Dejvice NTK Ballingův sálroomT9:346 Polách R. 14:30–16:00 (lecture parallel2 parallel nr.206) Dejvice NBFIT učebnaroomTH:A-1342 Plachý Š. 16:15–17:45 (lecture parallel2 parallel nr.207) Thákurova 7 (FSv-budova A)
Fri
Thu	roomTH:A-1342 Svoboda M. 09:15–10:45 (lecture parallel2 parallel nr.203) Thákurova 7 (FSv-budova A)roomTH:A-1242 Trávníček J. 12:45–14:15 (lecture parallel1 parallel nr.101) Thákurova 7 (FSv-budova A)roomT9:301 Svoboda M. 14:30–16:00 (lecture parallel1 parallel nr.102) Dejvice NBFIT učebnaroomT9:301 Svoboda M. 16:15–17:45 (lecture parallel1 parallel nr.103) Dejvice NBFIT učebnaroomT9:301 Guth O. 18:00–19:30 (lecture parallel1 parallel nr.104) Dejvice NBFIT učebna roomT9:346 Šestáková E. 09:15–10:45 (lecture parallel2 parallel nr.209) Dejvice NBFIT učebnaroomT9:346 Šestáková E. 11:00–12:30 (lecture parallel2 parallel nr.204) Dejvice NBFIT učebna roomTH:A-1342 Svoboda M. 11:00–12:30 (lecture parallel2 parallel nr.210) Thákurova 7 (FSv-budova A)
Fri	roomT9:346 Šestáková E. 09:15–10:45 (lecture parallel1 parallel nr.105) Dejvice NBFIT učebnaroomT9:346 Šestáková E. 11:00–12:30 (lecture parallel1 parallel nr.106) Dejvice NBFIT učebnaroomT9:347 Trávníček J. 12:45–14:15 (lecture parallel1 parallel nr.107) Dejvice NBFIT učebnaroomT9:302 Šestáková E. 14:30–16:00 (lecture parallel1 parallel nr.108) Dejvice NBFIT učebnaroomT9:302 Šestáková E. 16:15–17:45 (lecture parallel1 parallel nr.109) Dejvice NBFIT učebnaroomT9:302 Guth O. 18:00–19:30 (lecture parallel1 parallel nr.110) Dejvice NBFIT učebna

Time-table for summer semester 2018/2019:

Time-table is not available yet

The course is a part of the following study plans:

Information Technology - Version for those who Enrolled in 2012 (in Czech) (compulsory course in the program)
Informatics (Bachelor)- Version for those who Enrolled in 2013 (in Czech) (compulsory course in the program)
Web and Multimedia- Version for those who Enrolled in 2013 (in Czech) (compulsory course in the program)
Computer Science - Version for those who Enrolled in 2013 (in Czech) (compulsory course in the program)
Information Technology - Version for those who Enrolled in 2013 (in Czech) (compulsory course in the program)
Software Engineering- Version for those who Enrolled in 2013 (in Czech) (compulsory course in the program)
Information Systems and Management - Version for those who Enrolled in 2013 (in Czech) (compulsory course in the program)
Informatics (Bachelor)- Version for those who Enrolled in 2014 (in Czech) (compulsory course in the program)
Web and Multimedia- Version for those who Enrolled in 2014 (in Czech) (compulsory course in the program)
Computer Science - Version for those who Enrolled in 2014 (in Czech) (compulsory course in the program)
Information Technology - Version for those who Enrolled in 2014 (in Czech) (compulsory course in the program)
Computer Engineering, Version for those who Enrolled in 2014, in Czech (compulsory course in the program)
Software Engineering- Version for those who Enrolled in 2014 (in Czech) (compulsory course in the program)
Information Systems and Management - Version for those who Enrolled in 2014 (in Czech) (compulsory course in the program)
Bc. Programme Informatics, in Czech, Version 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 (compulsory course in the program)
Bc. Branch Security and Information Technology, in Czech, Version 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 (compulsory course in the program)
Bc. Branch Computer Science, in Czech, Version 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 (compulsory course in the program)
Bc. Branch Computer Engineering, in Czech, Version 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 (compulsory course in the program)
Bachelor Branch Information Systems and Management, in Czech, Version 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 (compulsory course in the program)
Bachelor Branch Knowledge Engineering, in Czech, Version 2015, 2016 and 2017 (compulsory course in the program)
Bachelor Branch WSI, Specialization Software Engineering, in Czech, Version 2015 2016, 2017 and 2018 (compulsory course in the program)
Bachelor Branch, Specialization Web Engineering, in Czech, Version 2015 2016, 2017 and 2018 (compulsory course in the program)
Bachelor Branch WSI, Specialization Computer Grafics, in Czech, Version 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 (compulsory course in the program)
Bachelor Branch Knowledge Engineering, in Czech, Version 2018 (compulsory course in the program)