Modern Physics for Cybernetics

Přednášející:

Cvičící:

Předmět zajišťuje:

katedra fyziky

Anotace:

Concepts and problems in the frontiers of physics, computer science, informatics and cybernetics. Information as a physical concept. Connection of space and time, relativistic paradoxes. Evoluation of the Universe and its structure. Deterministic chaos, fractals. Quantum phenomena, quantum information, quantum measurement, quantum computation, teleportation, cryptology. Entropy in physics and in information theory. Dissipation of energy. Synenergetics and selforganization.

Požadavky:

Osnova přednášek:

1. Connection of space and time, relativistic paradoxes.

2. Evolution of the Universe and its structure.

3. Dynamical systems in physics.

4. Deterministic chaos, basic concepts.

5. Attractors, fractals.

6. Quantum phenomena, introduction to quantum mechanics.

7. Mathematics structure, interpretation.

8. „Quantum information“, quantum measurement.

9. „Quantum computation, teleportation, cryptology“.

10. Entropy in physics and in information theory.

11. Information as a physical concept, dissipation of energy.

12. Open systems, dissipative structures.

13. Synergetics and selforganization.

14. Reserve. Open problems.

Osnova cvičení:

1. Selected relativistic paradoxes, solutions.

2. Some astrophysical objects (relict radiation, black holes.).

3. Fractal metric dimensions, fractal pictures.

4. Axiomatic systems in mathematics, limitations (Goedel).

5. Quantum measurement, values and their probabilities.

6. Szilard´s heat engine, Maxwell´s demon.

7. Examples of open systems.

Cíle studia:

Studijní materiály:

1. Schuster H.G.: Deterministic chaos (An Introduction), Weinheim 1988.

2. Zurek W.H. (Ed.): Complexity, Entropy and the Physics of Information, Addison-Wesley, 1990

3. Recommended review articles in journals

Poznámka:

Rozsah výuky v kombinované formě studia: 14+3

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